The Anacronistic Constitution

The Anacronistic Constitution INTRODUCTION In recent years, the Australian Constitution has come under increasing scrutiny. Pro republicans have argued that the Constitution is anachronistic and that it should be replaced by a better system; one that is more complimentary of today's lifestyle and does not include an hereditary monarch as the nation's Head-of-State. Monarchists believe that while the Constitution may need amending in some areas, the Queen as the Head-of-State reflects our history as a nation and that Constitutional crisis such as that of 1975, have been rare.It has also been suggested that the Constitution does not guarantee any particular rights for Australian citizens and that the Queen is not representative of the Australian people. Furthermore, republicans argue that heredity and appointed Heads-of-State are not consistent with a democracy.While these issues are by no means the extent of the argument for either side of the republic debate, broadly speaking they are the strongest and throughout this essay, these elements will be discussed in more detail.StateLibQld 1 270485 Festooned Lucinda cruising on...THE ARGUMENT FOR CHANGE As the current Constitution approaches its centennial anniversary in 2001, the demand for a republic appears to grow stronger. However, history has shown that previous attempts to amend, or replace, the Constitution have not been terribly successful. The Constitution as it currently stands is reported to be anachronistic, meaning that it is out of date and thus does not reflect the current ideas held by the majority of Australians. With the suggestion that a Constitution is "concerned with values, structures, functions and procedures....[and] It establishes formal relationships between the government and the governed" (Jaensch D "The Australian Constitution" in The Politics of Australia 2nd edition Macmillan 1997 pg 44) it can be argued that since the Constitution does not represent the views of the people, it is not operating correctly.George...

TDA Essays

TDA Essays TDA Essay TDA Essay Describe the policies that you would take if you noticed that a child was ill in your setting. All staff within the nursery need to be aware of different signs and symptoms when dealing with Illnesses within children. When children are ill then may become upset or restless and therefore would need to be shown care and comfort Just by sitting with them and talking to them to keep them occupied or even give them a comforting toy to make them feel less distressed until a senior member of staff decides on what to do in this situation. A senior member of staff or the manager would be informed of every illness and incident. Every case with an ill or injured child will need to be recorded in full detail which would include; The name of the child The time and date of the illness What the illness or injury was Any treatment given The names of the members of staff involved and reported to A signature of who witnessed the illness or Injury This would be done so that the parents of the child can be fully knowledgeable about the Incident and so they can be aware In case the child becomes worse. At our setting we require the parents to sign the recorded form to show that they knew and understood what had happened. If the child is seriously ill or injured then the parent loud be contacted immediately and this would be decided by a senior member of staff however, if the child needed urgent treatment or needed to be taken in an ambulance to the hospital then the parents would need to give full permission first. At our setting we do have some children who need to be given certain medication in particular circumstances such as children with asthma and children with allergies who may need a potentially lifesaving injection. These medications would be prescribed by a doctor then the parents would give written consent for the staff at our setting to give the children the recommended medication. For every child a form would Include their name, birth date, what type of medication Is to be given, how much and at what time and each parent would need to sign and date the form. For the children who have allergies or asthma they would need their medication to be permanently at the setting so that the child is able to receive it at all times. Their medication is kept in a storage box with their name on that is kept out of reach of other children however is always in the room that the child is in. If we have a situation at our setting in which the staff have to deal with bodily fluids we have to cake sure first of all that we remove the ill child from the location and make sure that no other children can access the said area. Then the member of staff that is to clean must initially make sure they put on an apron and clear disposable gloves. To remove the excess paper towels are provided and then put Into a bin bag. We then have a specific colored mop for different areas that the member of staff would use to clean the wet area, using disinfectant and then would use clean paper towels to dry the area. After this the apron and gloves that the member of staff was using would go into the bin bag too. This bin bag would be taken to the outside waste area wash their hands and arms carefully and precisely with hand soap. When may a child need urgent medical attention? Consider your own role and responsibilities and outline what you would do if a child needed urgent medical attention whilst in your care. Some children may show some signs or symptoms that can be very serious and may require urgent medical attention. It is our Job to notice any of the signs and symptoms in the children and respond immediately. Some may include; Seizures Choking In and out of consciousness Cardiac arrest Convulsions (Fits) Dehydration, Severe vomiting and diarrhea Meningitis symptoms Wounds or cuts that are severely bleeding Cries uncontrollably and seems to be in pain Asthma attack which the inhaler does not react to Swallowing dangerous objects Difficulty breathing Head injury with other symptoms such as headache, vomiting or vision problems. There can be many more serious signs and symptoms that would need urgent medical attention. If I were to notice any of these in the children I would need to immediately find another member of staff as quickly as possible and do exactly as they ask me to. This could be to phone for other member of staff, bring the first aid kit or even make the area safe around the child and keep the other children occupied and away from the area. I am currently not first aid trained so I wouldnt be able to follow up any first aid on the child however when I am first aid trained, if there is no other members of staff around at the time I would have to follow my first aid training on the child when necessary and would also need to shout for assistance from another member of staff. Show the actions that you would take in your setting in the event of a fire. Each part of the setting has its own designated route to exit the building at the closest exit door. Our main exit in my building is through the main door over the cobbled area and through a big double gate that leads on to the drive way at the front of the building. We then go through another small gate and to the church that is opposite where we gather the children. The senior member of staff would count the children as they were exiting the building and then count them again as they were gathered know how many children we would have at that time. The register would be taken ever to the church with us so that we could count the children and know which children were with us. If we could not get through the front door because the fire was in the area of our exit route, we would take the children through the back door, through the soft play area, over the grass, through a side gate and then through the small gate to the church. Each part of the building has other routes that they can take to exit the building. With the babies we have an evacuation cot at the front door which the staff members put the babies in and carry them across to make it easier and safer than the staff carrying Just one baby across. Show the procedures that you follow to maintain the security of your setting. To stop strangers from getting into our building without staff realizing we have specific key codes on the main gate, main front door and back kitchen door that is only given to the parents of the children. If there is somebody else picking up the child other than the parent then they would have to be given a secure password from the parents, which they would provide when they arrive at the front door and ring the buzzer and they would need to know the name and date of birth of the child and the parents would information the ember of staff caring for the child about the person including the name and what the person looks like. However, only the owner or manager can allow this person into the building. To stop the children getting out of the building we have baby gates and locked gates with hooks and locks so that they cant get out of the rooms and all other main door have handles that are high out of babies reach and locks higher up also. On the back door of the building that I work in we have a key lock which is locked at all times whilst the children are indoors and on the front door we have a door bell for he parent to ring when they come to collect their children. The key is kept on a high up shelf out of the childrens reach. We also have locks on all windows however most windows are out of reach of children. Describe the policy and procedures that you would follow in your setting if there was a missing child. If any children are thought to be missing on the premises we have to follow our policy and procedures for missing children which would start with the staff checking the register to make sure the child has not already gone home and is signed out or to see if the child is opposed to be in. They would also have to check to make sure no other child is missing. The manager is to be alerted and they would carry out a search and a thorough check of the building and garden. They would check all doors and gates for any breach of security whereby the child could have perhaps wandered out from. If after 5 minutes the child still has not been found then the parents of the child would be contacted and informed along with the police. The manager would then talk to the staff to find out where and when the child went missing and was last seen and this would be recorded.

Corperate social responability Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corperate social responability - Case Study Example ions and unrestricted region organizations, for which the conventional priorities of overhaul quality and cost supervision must progressively more take a description of these similar ethical considerations affecting the marketable and commercial world. Corporate social responsibility is associated with understanding one’s business impacts on the outside and wide world. In the context of social responsibility, factors like environment, sustainability, global effects, corruption, armed conflicts, political issues, staff- customer relationships, local community, and social impacts on people’s health are widely discussed and entirely worked upon. This is greatly appreciated if the impacts are considered to have positive effects on all people involved. Positive relations between the triple bottom line factors also bring great contribution to the success. Triple bottom line has been described to consist of only three factors which include planet, people, and profits2. The idea achieved some recognizable accomplishment in the corporate social responsibility, climate change and fair trade. After more than a decade, in which cost-cutting had been the number-one business priority, the hidden social and environmental costs of transporting invention and services to economical countries such as China, India and Brazil, hence becoming gradually more evident to western customers. These included such happenings as the haphazard cataloguing of the Amazon basin, the extreme use of hydrocarbons and the utilization of despicable labor. It is essential to recognize that one’s business does not subsist in segregation or simply as a way of making money3. Employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, and other people depend entirely on the business because whatever goes on in a business affects them either directly or indirectly. In a business, corporate social responsibility has an involvement in everything that is done by all those in the business and everyone who

Trusts Law. Non-Charitable Purpose Trusts Essay

Trusts Law. Non-Charitable Purpose Trusts - Essay Example Secular Society†2, Lord Parker was of the view that â€Å"benefit to individuals should be an essential ingredient of a trust or must be in that category of gifts which the courts identify as charitable.† In â€Å"Re Recher's Will Trusts†, Brightman J was of the view that as there is no beneficiary, a non-charitable trust is void. â€Å"Just as a rail requires an engine, so a trust requires a recipient†3. In â€Å"Astor's Settlement Trusts†, it was held by Roxburgh J that due to lack of a beneficiary, every non-charitable trust is void4 For a pure purpose, a private purpose trust (for instance, a trust to advance a cause) may be established where there will no single beneficiary to enjoy the benefits or for the advantages of an unquantifiable group of people (for instance, a trust to construct a playground for a school). A private, non-charitable purpose trust of the first type mentioned above will always be annulled, since it is not enforceable by a nybody. As opposed, a charitable trust is always a purpose trust and hence, enforceable and there will no problem in enforcing the same as the Attorney-General will have locus standi to litigate. 5. Though, there exists a general rule which appears to forbid purpose trusts in the non-charitable background, there are, some scenarios in which non-charitable purpose ? trusts have been endorsed in English law, and these can be detailed as follows: If confined to a perpetuity period, trusts for the prolongation of other non-charitable, religious ceremonies / rites may well be held valid. For instance, a gift for the recital of ceremonies namely Sin Chew (worship of ancestor) so as to disseminate the testator's reminiscence during the perpetuity period was upheld by the Supreme Court of the Straits Settlement in â€Å"Khoo Cheng Teow, Re†6.The House of Lords in â€Å"Bourne v Kean†e7 which viewed such trusts for the saying of masses as valid and clearly held it to be charita ble. This research essay will analyse in detail the validity of such non-charitable trust under English law and will recommend suitable amendments in English Trust laws to give legal sanctity to such non-charitable trust. Analyse Since the gift encourages an essential part of religion, namely, the saying of prayers, a gift for the saying of prayer of masses in public is held to be charitable. Though, saying cannot be established to beneficial to the mankind per se, but are supposed to offer an adequate element of public benefit. The prima facie hypothesis that is made is that prayers mentioned by a settlor in an inter viva or a will instrument are supposed to be said in public as held in â€Å"Re Caus†8. In â€Å"Re Hetherington†9 , and in this case, a testatrix by her will had bequeathed ? 2,000 for saying of â€Å" masses for the souls of her parents , sisters, husband and herself† It was held that trust was valid as it was for the advancement of religion10. T hough, in, it was held by Roxburgh J that due to lack of a beneficiary, every non-charitable trust is void but the English law has conventionally permitted four fundamental varieties of testamentary private purpose trust where it has been held that non-charitable trust even without beneficiaries can be held valid under the following scenarios. †¢ The upholding of specific animals; †¢ The building and preservation of private tombs, graves and monuments; †¢ The conducting other religious ceremony in private or saying of masses and †¢ The encouragement of fox-hunting Purpose trusts emanating in the

GNU Public License Essay Example for Free

GNU Public License Essay There are multiple operating systems out there available for a number of platforms, or systems, to run. The most popular of which, is Microsoft Windows. As we all know, Windows is not a free program and Microsoft is trying to instill a subscription fee to use Microsoft products. For years, the money hungry corporation has left many people searching for an alternative. In comes Linux. Linux is a UNIX based platform that uses the GNU General Public License. Linux is a very popular platform for a multitude of reasons, but above all else, it’s because it’s a free platform that has become what it is now due to GNU. The purpose of this paper is not, in fact, to speak about Linux, Windows, or any other operating system, but to talk about what the GNU public license is, and it’s role in information technology today. So what is the GNU public license? According to â€Å"GNU Operating System† (2007), â€Å"The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works.† (Preamble). What does this mean? Well, a copyright license for software, or any other type of works, are designed to take away the freedom of developers to share or change the software or work licensed. For example, Microsoft has a license agreement that prevents you from doing any modifications to any of their software, and stipulates any fees or distributions with that software. The exact opposite is true for the GNU General Public License as its intentions is to guarantee your freedom to modify and share any and all versions of a program or software covered by the GNU. This, in turn, ensures the software, or works, will remain free for all of its users. The GNU Public Licenses are designed to enable individuals the right to freely distribute copies of the free software, with provided source code, that you can modify and charge for if you like. If you modify it, add your own source coding to enhance or individualize the program, you have the right to charge for the software. You can also use parts, or all, of the coding from these software applications in new free programs. In order to protect your rights, the GNU prevents others from denying, or  forcing you to relinquish any rights you have to the software. Now, with that being said, if you wish to distribute copies of the software, modify it, or sell it, you will need to comply with certain responsibilities to respect the freedom of other potential users of this software. So, if you decide to distribute copies of a program you’ve been working on under the GNU, free or otherwise, you should pass on the same rights to others that you received yourself. This means you need to make the source code available for those just as it was made available for you. Developers using the GNU general public license protect your rights in two ways. This is done by asserting a copyright on the software, as well as offering you access to this license to legally give you permission to modify, copy or distribute it. On the same note, for the author or developers’ protection, the GPL states there is no warranty to cover any software obtained under the GNU. For the protection of the developers, or any authors, the GPL requires that any modified versions must be marked as changed, so that any potential problems will not be attributed mistakenly to any previous developers. Finally, software patents constantly threaten all programs. To ensure their protection, the GPL assures that all patents cannot be used to render any program as non-free. The GNU general public license is a remarkable agreement giving many developers the free reign to modify and personalize software that they did not originally develop. This allows businesses the right to customize programs to fit their needs, and not be liable for any wrongdoing by modifying the original software. I am a huge fan of the GNU, and highly recommend you look into the use of GNU software as well. References GNU Operating System. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html Stalling, W. (2012). Operating Systems: Internals and Design Principles (7th ed.). Retrieved from https://newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/contextid/OSIRIS:44214502/context/co/view/activityDetails/activity/987e268c-c478-4f85-ab08-ea8d45bb90a3/expan

Identity of Women in Jack Kerouac’s On The Road Essay -- On The Road e

The Identity of Women in On The Road      Ã‚  Ã‚   The women in Jack Kerouac's work, On The Road, are portrayed as superficial and shallow, while the men display depth in character. Women are stereotyped as falling into one of three categories; virginal, maternal or promiscuous, and, throughout the novel, are referred to in a facetious, derogatory manner. ‘Sal’, the protagonist, expresses sexist attitudes, which are a result of both his upbringing and societal attitudes of the time. Although the novel does highlight the problem of sexism, ultimately it does nothing to criticise it, but in fact projects it.    In On The Road, there are many instances in which female identity is diminished. These arise in the novel’s treatment of female characters such as ‘Marylou’ (a friend of Sal’s and one of two wives of another central character, Dean), Sal's Aunt, and ‘Terry’ (a girlfriend of Sal’s). Marylou, for example, is treated as an object with the sole purpose of satisfying Dean wishes. He uses her for his own sexual gratification and, in some instances, the sexual gratification of his friends, but does not view her as a complex individual, nor does he value her for her personality. Thus, Marylou is perceived by the male characters to fall into the ‘promiscuous’ category, and is referred to in the novel as a ‘whore’.    At the end of ‘part one’ of the novel, the reader witnesses the unjust treatment of Sal’s aunt. Sal has just returned from his first trip west, and is tired and starving. Taking advantage of his aunt’s sympathy, he eats everything in her house. He does not, however express any gratitude toward this kindness, but takes it for granted. Thus, his aunt is perceived only as a maternal figure. He does not look bey... ...This perception of female identity causes the men in the novel to feel superior and dominant. The sexual discrimination and denigration of female identity evident in On The Road, is a reflection of societal attitudes of the time. Works Cited and Consulted: Bartlett, Lee. The Beats: Essays in Criticism. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. 1981. Cassady, Carolyn. Heartbeat: My Life With Jack and Neal. Berkeley: Creative Arts Books Company. 1976. Cassady, Neal. "Letter to Jack Kerouac." March 7, 1947. Challis, Chris. Quest For Kerouac. London: Faber and Faber Limited. 1984. Dardess, George. "The Delicate Dynamics of Friendship: A Reconsideration of Kerouac's On The Road." American Literature. v46: 200-206. 1974. Kerouac, Jack. On The Road. New York: Penguin Books Limited. 1955. Watson, Steven. The Birth of The Beat Generation. New York: 1978    Identity of Women in Jack Kerouac’s On The Road Essay -- On The Road e The Identity of Women in On The Road      Ã‚  Ã‚   The women in Jack Kerouac's work, On The Road, are portrayed as superficial and shallow, while the men display depth in character. Women are stereotyped as falling into one of three categories; virginal, maternal or promiscuous, and, throughout the novel, are referred to in a facetious, derogatory manner. ‘Sal’, the protagonist, expresses sexist attitudes, which are a result of both his upbringing and societal attitudes of the time. Although the novel does highlight the problem of sexism, ultimately it does nothing to criticise it, but in fact projects it.    In On The Road, there are many instances in which female identity is diminished. These arise in the novel’s treatment of female characters such as ‘Marylou’ (a friend of Sal’s and one of two wives of another central character, Dean), Sal's Aunt, and ‘Terry’ (a girlfriend of Sal’s). Marylou, for example, is treated as an object with the sole purpose of satisfying Dean wishes. He uses her for his own sexual gratification and, in some instances, the sexual gratification of his friends, but does not view her as a complex individual, nor does he value her for her personality. Thus, Marylou is perceived by the male characters to fall into the ‘promiscuous’ category, and is referred to in the novel as a ‘whore’.    At the end of ‘part one’ of the novel, the reader witnesses the unjust treatment of Sal’s aunt. Sal has just returned from his first trip west, and is tired and starving. Taking advantage of his aunt’s sympathy, he eats everything in her house. He does not, however express any gratitude toward this kindness, but takes it for granted. Thus, his aunt is perceived only as a maternal figure. He does not look bey... ...This perception of female identity causes the men in the novel to feel superior and dominant. The sexual discrimination and denigration of female identity evident in On The Road, is a reflection of societal attitudes of the time. Works Cited and Consulted: Bartlett, Lee. The Beats: Essays in Criticism. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. 1981. Cassady, Carolyn. Heartbeat: My Life With Jack and Neal. Berkeley: Creative Arts Books Company. 1976. Cassady, Neal. "Letter to Jack Kerouac." March 7, 1947. Challis, Chris. Quest For Kerouac. London: Faber and Faber Limited. 1984. Dardess, George. "The Delicate Dynamics of Friendship: A Reconsideration of Kerouac's On The Road." American Literature. v46: 200-206. 1974. Kerouac, Jack. On The Road. New York: Penguin Books Limited. 1955. Watson, Steven. The Birth of The Beat Generation. New York: 1978   

Report on field visit to SARDI (Aquatic Sciences)

Aquatic Sciences is a research division under SARDI with a main motto of the sustainable growth of South Australian Industries. The South Australian Aquatic Sciences Centre (SAASC) is located at West Beach on the shores of Gulf St. Vincent and most of the research works in aquatic biology are conducted here. The thrust areas of research include 1. Aquaculture: Here active research is being carried out for freshwater, brackish and marine aquaculture needs. This include development of diets, species selection etc. 2. Marine Environment and Ecology: conduct research on habitat mapping, environmental impact assessment, etc. . Oceanography: Research to understand the influence of oceanographic factors on climate. 4. Wild Fisheries: They carry out stock assessment works and provide necessary information to the industries involved for the sustainable exploitation of the stocks such as abalone, rock lobster, prawns, snapper, garfish and Australian sardines. Also undertakes surveys to measure the impact of fishing effort on fish stocks. 5. Inland Waters & Catchment Ecology: Undertake research on inland water habitats. There are 87 research and technical staff, 18 support staff and 40 postgraduate positions at West Beach research centre. The facilities include a central library with the most modern and comprehensive literature of different aspects of aquatic sciences. The pool farm has facilities to carry out research in both marine and freshwater environments with tanks of different capacities. We were allowed to visit the different research infrastructure facilities such as coastal finfish hatcheries, sophisticated aquaculture laboratories, controlled environment rooms, fish aging laboratories, image analysis rooms etc. As a whole, the trip was of great use to understand the various research activities that are going on in the field of marine biology.